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American woman infected with Ebola arrives in U.S.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
NEW: "Nancy is still very weak" but has shown signs of improvement, mission official says
Missionary Nancy Writebol, who was working in Liberia, has arrived back in the U.S.
She is only the second known Ebola patient to be treated in the United States
A man in Saudi Arabia who was in Sierra Leone has symptoms of viral hemorrhagic fever
Atlanta (CNN) -- Nancy Writebol's family says it was making funeral plans for her last week as she lay stricken with Ebola in Liberia amid the disease's deadliest recorded outbreak
After an experimental serum and a plane flight, she's now the second human Ebola patient on U.S. soil, and her relatives think she has a fighting chance.
A medical plane on Tuesday flew Writebol from Liberia to Atlanta, where she was rushed to the same hospital where an American missionary colleague -- like her, sickened by the deadly hemorrhagic disease while on a team caring for Ebola patients in Monrovia -- arrived days earlier.
Writebol was wheeled into Emory University Hospital early Tuesday afternoon on a gurney, wearing a white full-body protective suit and escorted by two people wearing similar gear.
There, she joins her fellow missionary Dr. Kent Brantly, who became the first Ebola patient ever in the United States on Saturday, for treatment in a special isolation unit. It is one of four of its kind in the United States designed to optimize care for those with highly infectious diseases.
"Samaritan's Purse and SIM are so grateful for both them (being) here receiving the care that they're receiving right now," SIM USA president Bruce Johnson told reporters, referring to two Christian missionary organizations the patients were affiliated with.
Writebol's arrival contrasted with that of Brantly, who wore a similar suit but walked into the hospital Saturday with someone's assistance.
"Nancy is still very weak" but has shown signs of improvement, Johnson said, citing her husband, David Writebol, who still is in Liberia.
Writebol and Brantly were on a joint Samaritan's Purse-SIM team caring for Ebola patients last month when they became sick in Liberia, one of four West African nations hit by an outbreak that health officials believe has sickened and killed hundreds.
Writebol's two sons expect to communicate with her soon, Johnson said. The family was considering funeral arrangements for her just last week, days after she became sick, David Writebol said through Johnson.
"Yet we kept our faith, (and) now we have real reason to be hopeful," David Writebol said in a statement read by Johnson.
Though there is no proven treatment or vaccine for Ebola, both Brantly and Writebol were recently given a experimental, U.S.-manufactured drug in Liberia while they were awaiting evacuation to the United States. Both have since shown significant improvement, sources said on condition of anonymity.
What the inside of the evacuation plane looks like
But the gruesome disease that can torment victims with profuse vomiting, uncontrollable bleeding and organ failure still is ravaging West Africa. Ebola is believed to have infected 1,603 people in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria, killing 887 of them as of Friday, the World Health Organization said.
How Ebola spreads
Ebola doesn't spread through the air or water. The disease spreads through contact with infected organs and bodily fluids such as blood, saliva and urine.
Historically, the odds have not been good. Previous Ebola outbreaks have had a fatality rate of 90%, but the current outbreak in West Africa has a rate of about 60%, perhaps due in part to early treatment.
There is no FDA-approved treatment for Ebola. Emory will use "supportive care" for its two Ebola patients, unit supervisor Dr. Bruce Ribner said.
That means carefully tracking a patient's symptoms, vital signs and organ function and using blood transfusions and dialysis to keep patients stable.
The National Institutes of Health plans to begin testing an experimental Ebola vaccine in people as early as September. Tests on primates have been successful.
In the 1990s, an Ebola strain tied to monkeys -- Ebola-Reston -- was found in the United States, but no humans got sick from it, according to the CDC.
The secret serum
But the experimental drug ZMapp, which Brantly and Writebol received despite the medication never being subjected to clinical trials, is getting a lot of attention.
Just last Thursday, Brantly's condition in Liberia had deteriorated so badly that he called his wife to say goodbye.
But three vials of ZMapp stored at subzero temperatures were flown into Liberia. Brantly and Writebol took the drug, and their conditions improved before they evacuated to the United States.
The medicine is thought to work by preventing the virus from entering and infecting new cells. It's a three-mouse monoclonal antibody -- meaning mice were exposed to fragments of the Ebola virus, and the antibodies generated within the mice's blood were harvested to create the medicine.
While Brantly and Writebol's conditions improved after taking the drug, the serum shouldn't be viewed as a miracle cure, internist and gastroenterologist Dr. Jorge Rodriguez said.
"Let's be cautious. We don't even know really if this serum is working," Rodriguez said. "I'm glad now that these patients were brought to a hospital where so many tests can be done, where they can see the response of their body to this serum. We don't know if these patients are naturally getting better, or whether the serum is really doing something."
Many have asked why the two Americans received the experimental drug when so many in West Africa also have the virus.
The World Health Organization says it was not involved in the decision to treat Brantly and Writebol. Both patients had to give consent to receive the drug knowing it had never been tested in humans before.
The process by which the medication was made available to the American patients may have fallen under the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's "compassionate use" regulation, which allows access to investigational drugs outside clinical trials.
American Ebola patient 'seems to be improving,' CDC chief says
Concerns, testing spread outside Africa
A man hospitalized in New York City is now in strict isolation, waiting to learn whether he has the disease.
The patient became ill after recently traveling to West Africa, New York's Mount Sinai Hospital said.
Doctors were trying to confirm the cause of the man's high fever and gastrointestinal symptoms Monday. Results from an Ebola test are expected Tuesday or Wednesday.
But "odds are this is not Ebola," said Dr. Jeremy Boal, chief medical officer of the Mount Sinai Health System. "It's much more likely that it's a much more common condition."
CNN Chief Medical Correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta agrees. About half a dozen people have recently returned from West Africa and gotten tested because of symptoms, but none of those cases has been confirmed as Ebola, Gupta said.
Nigerian health officials are on hand to screen passengers at Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Lagos, Nigeria, on Monday, August 4. Health officials say the Ebola outbreak centered in West Africa is the deadliest ever. The World Health Organization reports that the outbreak in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Nigeria has infected more than 1,440 people and killed more than 800 this year.
Doctors in Saudi Arabia are also taking precautions as they treat a 40-year-old man who recently returned from Sierra Leone.
The man was in critical condition Tuesday with symptoms of a viral hemorrhagic fever, the Saudi Health Ministry said.
The source of his infection remains unknown, but Ebola cannot be ruled out, the ministry said.
By Jason Hanna and Holly Yan, CNN
August 5, 2014 -- Updated 1855 GMT (0255 HKT)
トヨタ来年の生産 国内減でも「世界最高」更新へ8月6日 4時37分 トヨタ自動車が消費税率引き上げの影響で落ち込んでいる国内販売の回復に時間がかかると見込んで、来年はことしと比べて１２万台少ない国内生産の計画をまとめたことが明らかになりました。
一方、世界全体の生産台数は海外で現地生産を拡大するため過去最高を更新する見通しです。
トヨタが５日に主な部品メーカーに伝えた来年の生産計画によりますと、国内の生産台数はことしより１２万台少ない３１８万台としています。
これは、消費税率引き上げの影響で落ち込んでいる国内販売が来年も低い水準が続き、回復に時間がかかると見込んでいるためです。
一方、海外での生産台数は、中国や北米、ヨーロッパなど市場が伸びている地域で現地生産を拡大させることから、ことしを２６万台上回る６０９万台としています。この結果、世界全体の生産台数はことしを１４万台上回る９２７万台となり、過去最高を更新する見通しです。
ただ世界全体では、ことし上半期の販売台数で２位となったドイツの「フォルクスワーゲン」が、１位のトヨタグループに僅か３万台の差まで追い上げています。
トヨタが今後も世界トップを維持するには、国内外で新たな需要を掘り起こす有効な手段を打ち出せるかどうかが課題となります。
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